马利筋藤

By Ouyang Yu



这个不是水果，而是马利筋科的攀援植物——“马利筋藤 / 奶瓜藤”，常见名叫 moth plant / cruel vine，学名 Araujia sericifera。

你这张照片里其实已经给出了决定性特征。

为什么可以确定是它

1️⃣ 果实形态（最关键）

  • 深褐色、椭圆到梭形的大荚果

  • 沿一条缝自然裂开

  • 里面有白色丝状絮毛（像棉花）
    👉 这是马利筋科植物典型的风传播种子结构

2️⃣ 生长方式

  • 强攀援藤本

  • 能迅速爬满篱笆、树木

  • 果实往往一串串悬挂

3️⃣ 叶子

  • 对生或近对生

  • 叶片厚、椭圆、边缘全缘

  • 和百香果、葡萄那类藤完全不同

重要提醒（这一点很关键）

⚠️ 它不能吃，而且有毒

  • 果实、乳汁、叶片都不可食用

  • 白色乳汁会刺激皮肤和眼睛

  • 在澳大利亚和新西兰被列为有害入侵植物

  • 对本地蝴蝶（尤其帝王蝶）有害

如果你是在自家庭院或篱笆上发现的，园艺上通常建议尽早清除，尤其在结荚之前。

简单区分口诀

  • 裂开的“豆荚 + 棉絮” → 马利筋科

  • 圆果带星形萼 → 苹果/梨类

  • 藤本 + 卷须 + 多汁籽 → 百香果

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